Parsha #42 Mattot - Tribes
Parsha #42 : Mattot - Tribes
[In regular years read with Parsha #43, in leap years (as this year), read separately]
Torah: B’Midbar (Exodus) 30:2-32:42
Haftarah: Yirmeyahu (Jeremiah) 1:1-2:3
B’rit Chadashah: Mattityahu (Matthew) 5:33-37
[In case I haven't mentioned before, there is no agreed-upon, Messianic-movement-wide B'rit Chadashah reading to go with each parsha, but this selection is the suggested reading from the Complete Jewish Bible by David Stern.]
Topics covered in this Parsha:
- Oaths made to Adonai
- War with Midian
- Spoils taken
- Reuben & Gad
Oaths made to Adonai
The first section covers the making of vows or oaths (binding promises), and sets out when an oath is binding upon a person. It seems to be talking specifically about an oath of service to Adonai.
We tend to be very casual generally about our speech today, and often say we’ll do things without considering whether or not we’ll make good on our word, but the scriptures make it clear that our words are not to be made lightly, and are to be taken seriously, and that we are responsible to keep our word.
It is interesting to note that in some cases, the vows of women are not binding on them, for example when the father of an unmarried woman does not approve, or the husband of a married woman, these vows are allowed to be broken, but if a husband waits to state his disapproval, the sin of not keeping the vow falls on him. The vows of a widowed or divorced woman, however, stand (this is an indication that only widowed and divorced women, and not single women are viewed as independent agents in scripture).
I’m not sure what kind of vows we might make today which would fall into this category (though churches which require a Covenant commitment, like the Salvation Army, or the Jesus Army for example might qualify?) but I suspect that, as Torah-observers, we ought generally to become more careful with our words and speech that we have been previously.
War with Midian
At the beginning of this section, the LORD tells Moses that this war with Midian is his final task, and then ‘you will be gathered to your people”.
A thousand men from every tribe are called up to war, with Pinchas at the head of the Army with the shofar trumpet.
Spoils taken
The five kings of Midian are killed along with the men of Midian, married women and children, while virgins are taken along with the booty as part of the spoils of war. A friend suggested that these women being taken as non-free wives or concubines (piligesh) is actually an act of mercy - they are allowed a month to mourn their home and family, and then have a new chance for life with a husband and children; and this period of mourning in a way corresponds to the cleansing and purifying of the material booty so that it can be brought into the Kadosh community of Israel [this mourning period is not mentioned in this passage, I will need to find the reference for this], but I have to say I have terrible trouble ratifying this whole concept of righteous war, and killing civilians, let alone children, with my worldview.
At the end of this section, it is confirmed that not a single soldier of Israel has been killed, which indicates Divine protection and approval of the War.
Reuben & Gad
Finally, the tribes of Reuben & Gad elect to stay on the far side of the Jorden river, rather than going on into the land beyond the Jordan to claim their inheritance, and it is agreed that, provided they come along with the rest of the tribes to fight with the inhabitants, they may do this. So before they do this, they build fortress cities for their women and children to wait in while the go in to the land to fight.
This is another difficult parsha that I’m still mulling over without making any conclusions about.
fruit so good and heavy it needed to be carried by 2 men (13:23), and yet despite the voices of Joshua and Caleb that the LORD was on their side, the people listened to the 10 spies who were too fearful to go into the land because the people were too strong.
I seem to have amassed another huge pile of books on my bed-side table for reading, and I thought you might be interested in the titles: